The preliminary findings of over 160 research and outreach projects of the IPY are outlined in the State of Polar Research report. The summary confirmed the Arctic and Antarctic regions are warming faster than previously thought, sea levels are rising due to melting ice sheets, and extent of year-round sea ice decreased to its lowest known levels.

"The International Polar Year 2007 - 2008 comes at a crossroads for the planet's future," said Michel Jarraud, secretary-general of the WMO. "The new evidence resulting from polar research will strengthen the scientific basis on which we build future actions."

IPY has enhanced observational capacity, aided the understanding of pollutant transport, species' evolution and storm formation. Research also focused on social implications for Arctic peoples, food security and health.