Mardi Tindal, the Moderator of Canada's largest Protestant denomination, The United Church of Canada, issued an open letter to Canadians calling on them to consider climate change a crisis of conscience.
In the letter, Tindal urges Canadians "to choose hope and action over despair and paralysis" in addressing what she calls "one of the most urgent moral challenges in human history."
"I believe this is a unique time in humanity's fretful reign on Earth, a rare moment that will have historic significance," writes Tindal.
"We need each other. We are emphatically, biologically not alone. As the carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere rise, the planet will fail to provide for us. Life as we know it will die. Millions of human lives are on the line, rich and poor, old emitters and new, vulnerable and strong. There is no inoculation against this except all of us changing our behaviour all at once."
The United States Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) voted January 27, 2010 to provide "public companies with interpretive guidance on existing SEC disclosure requirements as they apply to budiness or legal developments relating to issues of climate change."
The SEC as a regulatory body requires public US companies to disclose information for investors, especially on topics that are of interest to the business and investment communities. The goal of this new disclosure requirement will be to guide companies to disclose the "impact that business or legal developments related to climate change may have on its business".
This disclosure interpretive release comes following pressure from government, investors and environmental organizations for the SEC to clarify and strengthen requirements for reliable information about the impacts of climate change on public companies.
The SEC guidance will focus on four areas:
Impacts of legislation and regulation relating to climate change
Effect of international treaties and accords
Effects from physical impacts of climate change
Consequences of climate change on regulatory and business tends
The Tembec thermal mechanic pulp mill (TMP) in Pine Falls Manitoba is closed. It was purchased from employees and transformed into a new TMP mill over a period of time starting in the mid 1990s. During fall 2009 staff were locked out during a contract dispute, and then a Manitoba Labour Board decision resulted in lay offs for the staff. Tembec announced it wishes to sell the new mill during the lockout. This winter there is no woodlands operation.
Former customers for the newsprint from this mill included newspapers in the US and Canada. An earlier plan to combine a new sawmill with the TMP mill was dropped.
Despite the situation described above in late 2009 Manitoba Conservation requested a twenty year forest stewardship plan, with a proposal under Manitoba's Environment Act, and environmental impact assessment. The filings went to public review, which closed in January 2010. The licence for the mill, and the woodlands operation are separate licences, but both are held (together with a legal agreement with the Manitoba government) by the same company. All fiber under a woodlands environmental licence goes through the mill. Tembec had been securing additional fiber for the mill across the province.
Manitoba Wildlands responded to the public review under the Environment Act.
"We found there was a lack of context, and a serious lack of knowledge of public policy as these apply to the public forests in the Forest Management Area. The lack of a business plan, or explanation whether there is any market or an operating mill for the fiber is a glaring deficiency at this time. Our recommendation to the minister of Conservation is to avoid licencing until there are answers to these deficiencies, an improved plan, and EIA," commented Gaile Whelan Enns, director of Manitoba Wildlands.
Canada's first Bottled Water Free Day will occur on campuses and communities across Canada March 11, 2010. The Polaris Institute, Canadian Federation of Students and the Sierra Youth Coalition are spearheading the day, hoping it will encourage Canadians to ban plastic water bottles and use public water.
The bottled water industry is a commercial giant that is coming under increased scrutiny regarding: safety of bottled water, weak bottled water regulatory and control standards, growing control of water, and the heavy social and ecological impacts from the bottled water industry. Producing bottled water consumes more energy, releases more harmful toxins into the environment, and is less regulated than municipal water systems.
To date 70 municipalities, 6 school boards and 3 campuses in Canada have banned provision and sale of bottled water. To participate in getting bottled water phased out of your community, organizations, businesses, schools and campuses can sign the pledge for Bottle Free Day, set up bottle free zones, and contact government leaders.
The 2009 US Department of Agriculture figures show ethanol production rising to record levels, driven by subsidies and laws which require vehicles to use increasing amounts of biofuels. As a result, one-quarter of all US maize (corn) and grain now end up as biofuel in cars, rather than being used to feed people.
"The grain grown to produce fuel in the US [in 2009] was enough to feed 330 million people for one year at average world consumption levels," states Lester Brown, director of the Earth Policy Institute.
The number of hungry people in the world has increased to over 1 billion people, according to the UN World Food programme.
"Continuing to divert more food to fuel, as is now mandated by the US federal government in its renewable fuel standard, will likely reinforce the disturbing rise in world hunger. By subsidising ethanol production to the tune of $6bn each year, US taxpayers are subsidising rising food bills at home and around the world," states Brown.
More than 80 new US ethanol plants have been built since 2007, with more expected by 2015. when the US will need to produce an additional 5bn gallons of ethanol to meet its renewable fuel standard.
Ontario residents can now hang their clothes and linens outside to dry after the Premier lifted the ban on outdoor clotheslines. Previously there were restrictions in many Ontario subdivisions because clotheslines were considered unsightly. The province's new regulation will overrule neighbourhood or lease rules.
Premier Dalton McGuinty said the move is aimed at curbing use of energy-sucking dryers, which burn up to six per cent of Ontario's power.
This recent change is one of many in a movement pushing for less restrictions in the use of clothes lines. A new documentary, Drying For Freedom, highlights the banning of clothes lines in over 50 million homes in the United States, translating 5 billion dollars a year in electricity bills. The documentary follows the battle for the right to dry clothes asking why drying clothes became an environmental and social catastrophe and questions clotheslines being banned.
The Council of the Haida Nation, Parks Canada, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada have signed a long-awaited agreement to cooperatively manage proposed Gwaii Haanas national marine conservation area.
Located at the southern part of Haida Gwaii, Gwaii Haanas is widely considered an environmental jewel. The federal government and the Haida previously protected the land through a national park reserve and Haida Heritage Site. But the surrounding ocean ecosystem remains largely unprotected, despite a commitment to also protect it, made over 20 years ago.
The partnership agreement is an important step forward for a future Gwaii Haanas National Marine Conservation Area (NMCA). A similar partnership for the management of the Gwaii Haanas national park reserve is an international model for cooperative management.
The Supreme Court of Canada has ruled the Canadian government violated Canada's environmental law. In a case centered on the proposed British Columbia Red Chris, the Court ruled the federal government cannot split projects into artificially small parts to avoid rigorous environmental assessment. The ruling also guarantees the public will be consulted about major industrial projects, including large metal mines and tar sands developments.
"The Supreme Court has given Canadians back their voice and, with it, their ability to influence major industrial development across the country," said Ecojustice lawyer Lara Tessaro, who represented MiningWatch Canada. "This landmark decision confirms that the government can no longer shirk the environmental protection duties that Parliament has assigned to it."
The proposed open-pit mine would be located adjacent to an area called the Sacred Headwaters, the birthplace of the Stikine, Nass and Skeena Rivers. If built, it would endanger wildlife, destroy three trout-bearing streams and risk toxic contamination of two watersheds. The proposed mining project would wipe out pristine Black Lake by converting it into a "tailings impoundment area" - a dumpsite for toxic mine waste.
"These are serious issues where the public needs to be able to have a say. That's what we thought the law said, and now the Court has backed us up," said Jamie Kneen of MiningWatch Canada.
US Food and Drug Administration officials pledged to study Bisphenol A (BPA) more closely. The US Department of Health and Human Services issued recommendations the same day that consumers throw away scratched cups and bottles with BPA because small amounts of the chemical can seep out.
"Recent reports show subtle effects of BPA in lab animals that has raised concerns," said William Corr, deputy secretary of Health and Human Services. His agency will spend $30 million to study the chemical's effect on young children. "We are taking a much closer look."
The FDA had long declared BPA safe for adults and children. Now, according to FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg, BPA is of "some concern" for infants and children. Many manufacturers have voluntarily replaced BPA in products ranging from baby bottles to drinking water containers and some stores such as Wal-Mart have agreed to discontinue carrying some items.
As of June 2009, Canada's federal government proposed regulations to prohibit the advertisement, sale and importation of polycarbonate plastic baby bottles that contain BPA.
An anniversary has passed where the Manitoba government has little reason to celebrate. On January 8th, 2009, the government allowed Louisiana Pacific Canada Ltd. (LP) to shut down equipment which had controlled industrial pollutants (RTO) at its oriented strand board plant in the Swan Valley, Manitoba.
Public outcry led to a March 2009 ministerial referral directing the Clean Environment Commission (CEC), a provincial advisory body, to conduct an investigation into whether the "temporary" shutdown should be permanent. Private citizens from across Manitoba, The Concerned Citizens of the Valley (CCV), The Boreal Forest Network, Manitoba Wildlands, Manitoba Wildlife Federation, The MFL Occupational Health Centre, and The Green Parties of Manitoba and Canada voiced their opposition to the proposal. LP has threatened closure of the plant if it is forced to keep the RTOs in operation. Local residents are concerned about the impacts from permanent closure of the RTOs.
Numerous organizations and individuals marked the anniversary of the RTO shutdown while reaffirming their commitment to hold companies accountable. St Adolphe resident Cheryl Kennedy Courcelles commented: "We in Manitoba are leaders. We are only interested in dealing with corporations that meet our standards. If we keep our standards high we will attract those companies that will want to come and be leaders here with us. Doing what is right, pays dividends!"
A long-term study showing changes in polar bears habitat in the southern Beaufort Sea has implications for polar bear management in Alaska, and Canada.
Data collected between 1979 and 2005 shows in autumn polar bears are occurring more frequently on land and open water and less frequently on ice. This results in increased chances of human/bear interaction.
"Our results do suggest that bears that use the nearshore area are more likely to occur on land in recent years because their preferred habitat, sea ice, is unavailable," states Karyn Rode, polar bear biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife and co-author of the study. "This is one of the few data sets available over such a long time frame. It shows there has been a shift in habitat use."
This work highlights the need to develop programs to manage bear-human interactions in coastal areas. Bear-human interactions in communities and industrial areas in Alaska have been on the rise in recent years.
This study will be looked at closely by Canadian scientists concerned with polar bear survival.
A report, Behind Mass Die-Offs, Pesticides Lurk as Culprit, issued through Yale University Environment 360 has linked pesticides to the high-profile die-offs among amphibians, bees, and bats.
The report, written by Sonia Shah, states a growing body of evidence indicates pesticide exposure may be playing an important role in the decline of amphibian and bee species. Scientists are investigating whether such exposures may be involved in the death of over one million bats in northeastern United States.
In the case of amphibians, Shah explains pesticides applied to fields in California Central Valley drift into the Sierra Nevada mountains, where they settle in the environment and are absorbed into tissues of amphibians. Meanwhile, bees and bats have suffered a similar fate - killed off by powerful pathogens that in practice seem to have taken advantage of animal populations immuno-compromised by pesticides.
Nearly 400 US Native leaders, scholars, elders and tribal college students were joined by scientists from National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), at the Native Peoples Native Homelands Climate Change Workshop II.
Dr. Daniel R. Wildcat, workshop Co-Chair and Director of Haskell Indian Nations University Environmental Research Studies Center states, "Global warming scenarios point to disproportionate and increased impacts on Native peoples due to their unique relationship to land, theirsubsistence land-based economies, and the deep cultural and spiritual significance of their ties to the land."
At the workshop's conclusion, participants issued the Mystic Lake Declaration to offer solutions that can help Tribal communities and policy makers form plans to address climate change impacts. The Declaration was taken to Copenhagen to present at the United Nations Climate Change Conference.
Environmental organizations in British Columbia are pushing for new clean electricity standards. The David Suzuki Foundation, Pembina Institute, Watershed Watch Salmon Society and the West Coast Environmental Law recently released Recommendations for Responsible Clean Electricity Development in British Columbia. It includes recommendations for planning and development of clean electricity that is transparent and beneficial to the public and the environment.
As a climate conscious province, British Columbians support clean energy development but are concerned with how it is developed. Key recommendations from this report include:
Ensuring energy conservation and efficiency is the highest propriety
British Columbia's electricity supply needs to be as clean, renewable and low impact as possible
Adopting a renewable electricity planning framework
Reforming water licensing, land leasing and governance
Strengthening environmental assessment process
Developing an informed consensus about export of renewable electricity from British Columbia.
These recommendations come heavily endorsed by other environmental organizations.
The United Nations has declared 2010 the International Year of Biodiversity (IYB). Along with this declaration, the UN set a Biodiversity Target, aiming to significantly reduce the rate of biodiversity loss by the end of 2010. The purpose of the IYB is to raise public awareness of the importance of biodiversity and consequences of its loss. IYB will also seek to engage the public in implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Throughout 2010, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), joined by the Convention on Biological Diversity and other international partners, will lead events aimed to raise public awareness on reasons for conserving biodiversity. Events will include launch of IYB, world-wide celebrations, UNESCO Biodiversity Exhibit, and conferences including the UN General Assembly discussion of Biodiversity, Conference of the Parties (COP-10), Conference of the Parties -Meeting of the Parties (COP-MOP 5) and Conference of the Parties -Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (COP 15 CITES).
The pesticide Movento (spirotetramat) has been pulled off the U.S. market . Used on fruits and vegetable crops throughout North America, it is killing the depleting population of North American Honeybees, a species responsible for pollination of crops worth $15 billion annually.
Movento was released onto the market in 2008. It is distributed by the plant along its entirety, killing pests where they live and feed. It targets immature insects through females by reducing ability to produce offspring and reducing chances of offspring survival.
A lawsuit was filed by the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) and the Xerces Society to have the product pulled from the market after beekeepers had a record low year in bee numbers. Movento had been approved by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) without public comment (as required) and without evaluation of damage it could do to bee populations and economic, environmental and social impacts of bee decline.
US District Judge Denise Cote agreed with NRDC and has ordered that EPA reevaluate the chemical. As of January 15, 2010 it will be illegal to sell the chemical in the US. Movento is still available in Canada.
Quebec Premier Jean Charest and Minister of Sustainable Development, Environment and Parks, Line Beauchamp, announced Quebec greenhouse gas emission goals of 20% below 1990 levels.
The Premiere acknowledged these are ambitious targets but Quebec is already leading the country with the best emissions reduction record. Since 2006 Quebec industrial sector has had 7% emissions despite a GDP increase of 41%.
Reaching this goal includes shifting the economy away from dependence on fossil fuels, implementing transportation sector GHG reduction initiatives, including GHG emission standards for vehicles, and developing electric vehicle technology.
Part of Quebec's GHG strategy is protection of half the land covered by Plan Nord. The Canadian Boreal Initiative (CBI) released a report stating that boreal forests are the largest terrestrial carbon sinks in the world. This fact has been largely ignored but Quebec is in the position to protect its forests as part of reaching GHG emission reduction targets. These forest protection steps will keep more than 13.8 billion tons of CO2 sequestered in Plan Nord boreal regions.
The government announced it will pay Platinex Inc. $5 million to surrender exploration claims near Big Trout Lake (Nemeigusabins Lake) in Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug (KI) First Nation's traditional territory. In addition to the settlement, the Ontario government has agreed to develop a Memorandum of Cooperation with the KI Chief and Council.
"The Memorandum of Cooperation will become a model of how future problems like this will not happen again," states Chief Morris. "I think the province needs to recognize that our free prior informed consent is necessary or mining development in the north could become a very expensive failure."
Platinex has also agreed to drop its lawsuit against the province and KI First Nation. Last year, KI chief Donny Morris and five other residents were sentenced to six months in jail for disobeying a court order to allow Plantinex to explore on their territory.
"I consider the decision of Platinex to not proceed with mining exploration in our territory as a major victory. My community was determined to stop Platinex and the Ontario government from arbitrarily imposing a mine at Nemeigusabins Lake," says chief Morris.